وبلاگ بزرگ مقالات زمین شناسی

Image Analysis, Sediments and Paleoenvironments

دانلود کتاب: آنالیز تصاویر رسوبات و محیط زیست گذشته زمین

ISBN: 1402020619
Author: Pierre Francus (Editor)
Publisher: Springer
Publication Date: 2005-04-14
Number Of Pages: 330

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Summary:
This seventh volume of the DPER series examines imaging techniques for sedimentologists, paleolimnologists, paleoceanographers and microscopists working on issues related to paleoenvironmental reconstruction. It will help the researcher or graduate student to understand every step involved in the imaging process, from image acquisition to measurements. Procedures are described to ensure that the right protocols and methodology are selected to solve a particular issue, and to evaluate the validity of scientific results. Case studies illustrate the wide range of information that can be obtained from many kinds of sediments (marine, lacustrine and aeolian) and different types of samples (cores, embedded blocks, microscopic slides) using different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum (visible, UV, IR, X-ray). The volume provides comprehensive protocols, guidelines, and recommendations for the use of low cost image analysis techniques, to facilitate intercomparisons of measurements.

Increasing Climate Variability and Change

دانلود کتاب: تغییرات و تنوع فزاینده آب و هوا

Product Description

One of the major challenges facing humankind is to provide an equitable standard of living for this and future generations: adequate food, water and energy, safe shelter and a healthy environment. Human-induced climate change, and increasing climate variability, as well as other global environmental issues such as land degradation and loss of biological diversity, threaten our ability to meet these basic human needs. It is undisputed that the last two decades have been the warmest this century, and likely to be the warmest for the last 1000 years, sea level is rising, rain and snowfall patterns are changing. Arctic sea ice is thinning and the frequency and intensity of El-Niño events appear to be increasing. In addition, the frequency of extreme events is rising and many parts of the world have recently suffered major heat-waves, floods and droughts leading to significant loss of life and economic costs. This requires the global community to give urgent attention to addressing key issues. The range of adaptation options for agriculture and forestry is generally increasing because of technological advances, thus reducing the vulnerability of these systems to climate change. However, some regions of the world, particularly developing countries, have limited access to these technologies. Agriculture and forestry are currently not optimally managed with respect to todays natural climate variability. Decreasing the vulnerability of agriculture and forestry to increasing climatic variability will go a long way towards reducing the long-term vulnerability to climate change. This book represents a major step in assessing the science of climate variability and change, and their likely impacts on agriculture and forestry, with clear adaptation strategies required to reduce their vulnerability.

Introduction to Applied Mathematics for Environmental Science

دانلود کتاب: ریاضیات کاربردی برای علوم زیست محیطی

This book teaches mathematical structures and how they can be applied in environmental science. Each chapter presents story problems with an emphasis on derivation. Linear and non-linear algebraic equations, derivatives and integrals, ordinary differential equations, and partial differential equations are the basic kinds of structures, or mathematical models, that are discussed. For each of these, the discussion follows the pattern of first presenting an example of a type of structure as applied to environmental science. Next the definition of the structure is presented. This is usually followed by other examples of how the structure arises in environmental science, then the analytic methods of solving and learning from the structure are discussed. This is followed by teaching numerical methods for use when the situation is difficult. In most cases, examples of using Matlab software to solve and explore the structures are also included.

Introduction to Bayesian Statistics

دانلود کتاب:دیباچه ای بر آمار بیز

The Introduction to Bayesian Statistics (2^nd Edition) presents Bayes theorem, the estimation of unknown parameters, the determination of confidence regions and the derivation of tests of hypotheses for the unknown parameters, in a manner that is simple, intuitive and easy to comprehend. The methods are applied to linear models, in models for a robust estimation, for prediction and filtering and in models for estimating variance components and covariance components. Regularization of inverse problems and pattern recognition are also covered while Bayesian networks serve for reaching decisions in systems with uncertainties. If analytical solutions cannot be derived, numerical algorithms are presented such as the Monte Carlo integration and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods.

Introduction to Planetary Science

دانلود کتاب: دیباچه ای بر نجوم شناسی

Publisher: Springer
Language: English
ISBN: 1402052332
Paperback: 525 pages
Data: Apr 2007
Format: PDF
Description: This textbook is intended to be used in a lecture course for college students majoring in Earth Sciences. Planetary science provides an opportunity for these students to apply a wide range of subject matter pertaining to the Earth to the study of other planets and their principal satellites.

In this way, planetary science tends to unify subjects in the Earth Sciences that are traditionally taught separately. Therefore, planetary science is well-suited to be taught as a capstone course for senior undergraduates in geology departments and as an introduction to the solar system in astronomy departments. Both groups of students will benefit because planetary science bridges the gap between geology and astronomy and it prepares geologists and astronomers to participate actively in the on-going exploration of the solar system.

The subject matter is presented in 24 chapters that lead the reader through the solar system starting with historical perspectives on space exploration and the development of the scientific method. The presentations concerning the planets and their satellites emphasize that their origin and subsequent evolution can be explained by applications of certain basic principles of physics, chemistry, and celestial mechanics and that the surface features of the solid bodies in the solar system can be interpreted by means of the principles of geology.

Introduction to Sustainability

دانلود کتاب:در مورد محیط زیست

This book develops a supporting structure for sustainable development, following a natural set of steps to reach an established goal. It provides the tools to navigate this Road to a Better Future by explaining concepts, giving ideas, proposing methods, and suggesting actions. To illustrate the utilization of techniques there are many examples, applied to a variety of activities, and to wrap up concepts, the last chapter is dedicated to the analysis of a community in search of a sustainable environment. A thematic index has been designed to help a person quickly find information on relevant topics.

Isotopes in the Water Cycle

دانلود کتاب:بررسی ایزوتوپها در چرخه آب

• Publisher:   Springer
• Number Of Pages:   381
• Publication Date:   2005-11-01
• Sales Rank:   1840232
• ISBN / ASIN:   140203010X
• EAN:   9781402030109
• Binding:   Hardcover
• Manufacturer:   Springer
• Studio:   Springer
• Average Rating:  
• Total Reviews:  

Book Description:

Environmental isotope and nuclear techniques provide unmatched insights into the processes governing the water cycle and its variability under past and present climates. This monograph is recommended to advanced students and specialists and presents historical perspective, state of the art applications and new developments of isotopes in hydrology, environmental disciplines and climate change studies. The spectrum of isotope applications addressed in this monograph ranges from the assessment of groundwater resources in terms of recharge and flow regime, identification of palaeogroundwater, water balance of river basins and lakes, to studies of the past and present global environmental and climate changes. The contributions are written by renowned specialists in the various application fields.

Issues in Bioinvasion Science

دانلود کتاب:نشری در علوم بیواینویژن

Publisher: Springer
Number Of Pages: 150
Publication Date: 2005-05-24
Sales Rank: 3256562
ISBN / ASIN: 1402029020
EAN: 9781402029028
Binding: Hardcover
Book Description:


Biological invasions are a global problem whose local impact can be of great magnitude. The prevention and minimization of the impact of invasive alien species has become a priority because of their negative impact on biodiversity, economy and public health.

Effective responses are needed; cooperation and coordination among countries and/or different sectors of society are a must. To combine and share experiences on biological invasions at international, regional and local level it is essential to develop compatible approaches to common problems.

With this aim, the GEI (Grupo Especies Invasoras) organised the First National Conference on Invasive Alien Species in Spain in 2003. Scientists coming from different parts of the Iberian Peninsula belonging to universities, public administration, NGOs and environmental enterprises and world-renowned experts on biological invasions from other countries responded to this "call for action" and participated in the conference.

Issues in Bioinvasion Science contains key contributions of this conference. The themes included cut across different aspects of non-native species invasions. This volume is essential reading for anyone seeking an understanding of non-native species invasions.

Our aim: to go beyond national boundaries in order to tackle these complex biological issues

Land Change Science

دانلود کتاب:علوم تغییرات زمین

Land Change Science: Observing, Monitoring and Understanding Trajectories of Change on the Earth's Surface (Remote Sensing and Di!!!al Image Processing)
By Garik Gutman, Anthony C. Janetos, Christopher O. Justice, Emilio F. Moran, John F. Mustard, Ronald R. Rindfuss, David Skole, Billy Lee Turner II, Mark A. Cochrane

http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51HtV2kzP6L.jpg

Publisher: Springer
Number Of Pages: 461
Publication Date: 2005-04-04
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 1402025610
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9781402025617
Binding: Hardcover


This volume is a synthesis of the NASA funded work under the Land-Cover and Land-Use Change Program. Hundreds of scientists have worked for the past eight years to understand one of the most important forces that is changing our planet-human impacts on land cover, that is land use. Its contributions span the natural and the social sciences, and apply state-of-the-art techniques for understanding the earth: satellite remote sensing, geographic information systems, modeling, and advanced computing. It brings together detailed case studies, regional analyses, and globally scaled mapping efforts. This is the most organized effort made to understand the dominant force that has been responsible for changing the Earths biosphere. Audience: This publication will be of interest to students, scientists, and policy makers. This volume includes a CD-ROM containing full color images of a selection of illustrations which are printed in black-and-white in the book.

Lectures in Astrobiology

دانلود کتاب: بحثی در مورد بیولوژی فضایی

pages: 669 pages
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540336923
Average Customer Review: N/A
Format: PDF
Size:
Supplier: Amazon
Summary:

Based on material delivered at several summer schools, this book is the first comprehensive textbook at the graduate level encompassing all aspects associated with the emerging field of astrobiology.

Volume II gathers another set of extensive lectures covering topics so diverse as the formation and the distribution of elements in the universe, the concept of habitability from both the planetologists' and the biologists' point of view and artificial life. The contributions are held together by the common goal to understand better the origin of life, its evolution and possible existence outside the Earth's realm.
The volume ends with 120 pages of a very useful appendix comprising "Some Astrophysical Reminders", "Useful Astrobiological Data" and "An Astrobiological Glossary".

The Little Book of planet earth

دانلود کتاب:کتابی کوچک در باره سیاره زمین

Book Info
Published 2002
Author Meissner, Rolf
ISBN 0387952586
-----------------------------
Book De***ion:
The Little Book of Planet Earth describes the geological evolution of Earth from its formation. ?In this concise and engaging little book, the author introduces lay readers to the key topics in modern earth and planetary science: the creation of Earth and its moon, the role of seismology in analyzing Earth抯 structure, the formation of mountain ranges and basins, the significance of Earth抯 magnetic field, and more.

Managing Weather and Climate Risks in Agriculture

دانلود: مخاطرات آب و هوا در کشاورزی-زیست محیطی-

Publisher: Springer
Number Of Pages: 504
Publication Date: 2007-11-16
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3540727442
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783540727446
Binding: Hardcover

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Product Description:

In many parts of the world, weather and climate are one of the biggest production risks and uncertainty factors impacting on agricultural systems performance and management. Both structural and non-structural measures can be used to reduce the impacts of the variability (including extremes) of climate resources on crop production. While the structural measures include strategies such as irrigation, water harvesting, windbreaks etc., the non-structural measures include use of seasonal to interannual climate forecasts, improved application of medium-range weather forecasts and crop insurance. This book based on an International Workshop held in New Delhi, India should be of interest to all organizations and agencies interested in improved risk management in agriculture.

Map-based Mobile Services 

دانلود کتاب:سرویس های سیالات بر اساس نقشه 

The book is divided into three parts: theory, method and implementation. Starting with a summary of the state-of-the-art in mobile technologies, the first part analyses their impacts on cartography and pinpoints the missing theories concerned with the development of map-based mobile services. A conceptual framework of mobile cartography is then introduced with the emphasis on mobile usage context. The second part is devoted to the design methodology under the constraints defined in the theoretical framework. A core issue deals with personalised mobile map services. The final part demonstrates the feasibility of the methods by using application scenarios. The accompanying CD-ROM contains the PDF-Files in colour.

Marine Chemistry

دانلود کتاب:شیمی دریاها

Product DescriptionThe carbon dioxide absorption and gas exchange at the sea surface, marine aerosols and their photochemistry, the oceanic carbon cycle as well as biomarkers in marine ecosystems, and related topics are of primary importance for understanding our global ecosystem.
The topics addressed in this volume are all stemming from areas which have developed only in the last ten years of research or which have gone into decidedly new directions in that time. In most cases, the recent research has been driven by advances in instrumentation or by large-scale international cooperations. Thus this volume is also aiming at interdisciplinary and international cooperations in the future.

Marine Geochemistry

دانلود کتاب: ژئوشیمی دریاها

Marine Geochemistry
by Horst D. Schulz (Editor), Matthias Zabel (Editor)
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574 pages/ 20 MB
Publisher: Springer; 2 edition (April 11, 2006)
Language: English
Since 1980 a considerable amount of scientific research dealing with geochemical processes in marine sediments has been carried out. This textbook summarizes the state of the art in this field of research. The topics comprise the examination of sedimentological and physical properties of the sedimentary solid phase, of pore water and pore water constituents, organic matter as the driving force of most microbiological processes, biotic and abiotic redox reactions, carbonates and stable isotopes as proxies for paleoclimate reconstruction, metal enrichments in ferromanganese nodules and crusts as well as in hot vents and cold seeps on the seafloor. A new chapter describes properties, occurrence and formation of gas hydrates in marine sediments. The textbook ends with a chapter on model conceptions and computer models to quantify processes of early diagenesis.

Mathematical Methods for Engineers and Geoscientists

دانلود کتاب:متدهای ریاضی برای مهندسان و زمین شناسان

Book Description

This book introduces and explains classical and modern mathematical procedures as applied to the real problems confronting engineers and geoscientists. Written in a manner that is understandable for students across the breadth of their studies, it lays out the foundations for mastering difficult and sometimes confusing mathematical methods. Arithmetic examples and figures fully support this approach, while all important mathematical techniques are detailed. Derived from the author's long experience teaching courses in applied mathematics, it is based on the lectures, exercises and lessons she has used in her classes. Also, the explanations and discussions in the book are inspired by the most frequently-asked questions of students, graduates and professionals.



About the Author

In 1970 Olga Waelder was born in Moscow. She began her studies at the Technical University for Electronics and Mathematics in Moscow in 1987 from whence she received her degree in applied mathematics in 1993. From 1996 until 1999 she furthered her studies at the Technical University Mining Academy in Freiberg (Germany) from whence she received a degree in mathematics. Between 2001 and 2004 she was a research assistant at the Institute for Cartography, Dresden Technical University. In 2003 she began lecturing mathematical cartography. She continued her post doctorate studies there in 2004 and since 2005 has been a lecturer for adjustment theory.

Product Details

Hardcover: 176 pages
Publisher: Springer; 1 edition (March 2008)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 3540752986
ISBN-13: 978-3540752981

MATLAB® Recipes for Earth Sciences

دانلود کتاب:کاربرد نرم افزار مطلب در زمین شناسی